Bihar Tribal Research Institute was established on 31 stOctober, 1953 in the light of suggestion made by the commission of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe, Govt. of India to the President of India. After the establishment of this institute the posts of two assistant Directors and four Research Assistants was created by the Government of Bihar. Four Sections namely Social Anthropology, Sociology, Social Psycology and Statistics was started.The institute started research work from 25th January 1954 on affairs concerning the tribes in the state. Dr. B. S. Guha was posted as the first Director of this Institute.
The main function of this Institute is to provide reports to the Government on the basis of research based study of the problems and welfare schemes of Scheduled castes/ Scheduled tribes and Other backward Castes. This Institute works as an advisor to the Government in giving practical form to the welfare schemes and policies.
The name of Bihar Tribal Welfare Research Institute was modified as Jharkhand Tribal Welfare Research Institute after the creation of Jharkhand.
Presently there are three wings, namely:
- Research Wing
- Pre-Examination Training centre
- Orientation Training
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